Metal stamping is an advanced metal processing method, which can be divided into cold stamping and hot stamping. Among them, the cold stamping process does not need to carry on the material heating, in the normal temperature state can carry on the stamping processing, more convenient. Stamping process is based on the plastic deformation of metal, using stamping die and stamping equipment for stamping sheet metal, in order to obtain the required part shape and size. Cold stamping processing is more widely used than hot stamping, and cutting processing, with high productivity, low processing cost, high material utilization rate, product size accuracy stability, simple operation, easy to achieve mechanization and automation production and a series of advantages, especially suitable for mass production of metal stamping parts.
Because the sheet parts are light in weight and have enough strength and rigidity, they can be processed into parts of various shapes and sizes with different materials according to different USES, so as to meet the needs of production. Cold stamping parts are widely used in automobiles, home appliances and various civil light industrial products. Defense, such as aircraft, missiles, guns and bullets, shells and other products, there is also a large proportion of cold stamping processing parts.
Cold stamping process can be divided into two categories: separation process and forming process. The separation process can be divided into blanking, punching, trimming and cutting. The forming process can be divided into bending, drawing, turning, flanging, bulging, rolling, flaring and shrinking. According to the shape, dimension precision and other technical requirements of the product parts, various processes can be used to process the sheet metal.
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With the continuous progress of science and technology and the rapid development of industrial production, cold stamping technology is also developing and advancing, mainly in the following aspects:
1, process analysis using computer aided calculation, CAE analysis modernization. For example, in the stamping process of automobile covering parts, the traditional method is to make a comparative analysis based on the existing design data and the designer's experience to determine the process plan and relevant parameters. Then, in the process of mold trial, after repeated tests and modifications, a lot of manpower, material resources and time are spent before it can be transferred to mass production. At home and abroad in recent years, the industry has been widely adopted the finite deformation elastoplastic finite element method (fem), USES the AUTOFORM, DANYFORM and PAMSTAMP analysis software for covering parts forming process of stress and strain analysis and computer simulation, to predict the possibility of a process for molding parts and what will happen, such as local material thinning even craze, local material stack, wrinkling trend, etc. This is for mold designers to choose and modify, not only can save the cost of mold trial, but also can shorten the mold development and manufacturing cycle.
2, mold design and manufacturing technology modernization, more use of CNC machine tools for automatic machining, such as CNC edm line forming machine and wire cutting machine types are complete, slow wire, wire and fast wire cutting machine everywhere; CNC milling machine (computer gongs) instead of ordinary milling machine, drilling machine, tapping machine.
3. The cold stamping production is mechanized and automated. The stamping equipment has developed from single-position low-speed press to multi-position high-speed automatic press. General hardware stamping parts can be punched through the continuous die automatic feeding production, for large, complex stamping parts can also use the transfer die for the automatic production of the manipulator parts, save a lot of labor and improve the production efficiency. Die tapping, die riveting and other automatic production technology is also increasingly mature, widely used.
4, constantly improve the performance of metal stamping materials, in order to improve its molding capacity and use effect. For example, automobile high-strength low-alloy steel plate is used to produce automobile covering parts and body structure stamping parts, so as to reduce the self-weight of the automobile and improve its structural strength and improve the safety performance of the automobile. The new heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant stainless steel SUS439 (1.4510) is widely used as a stamping part of automobile engine exhaust pipe system due to its excellent rust resistance at high temperature.
